BLUF
Cyber-attacks are escalating alongside kinetic conflict, with Iran‑aligned groups targeting global infrastructure, data centres, elections and supply chains. This highlights that modern warfare blends cyber, AI and physical operations, putting even distant nations at risk.Learning Outcomes
- Explain how cyber capabilities are integrated with kinetic military actions across global conflicts, using current examples from the Middle East, Ukraine, and other regions.
- Identify how compromised digital systems—such as traffic cameras, data centres, and operational technology—can be weaponised.
- Assess the implications of state‑aligned cyber-threat actors on national security and democratic processes.
