The second and third order effects of Covid-19 on delivering defence capability include long term effects on budgets, exercise and operational planning, and logistics.

The industry sector degrades, impacts are felt via shutdowns, program delays, and uncertainty. Malign actors and opportunists seek to exploit disruptions by breaching mobile networks, and offering medical aid to strengthen diplomatic ties.

Lower fiscal returns in the first quarter of 2020 for defence industry exposes geopolitical vulnerablilites.

Non-state actor groups are working multiple, concurrent angles to provide alternative sources of safety and security to populations of struggling nation states.

Psychological injuries occur more frequently than do physical injuries, and self-limiting thoughts inhibit us from administering the appropriate emotional first aid required to reach our potential.

The Defence Leadership Manual states that context should determine the appropriate leadership style to be used whereas some leadership commentators argue that a collaborative model of leadership is the most appropriate.

Machine learning is an AI that interrogates large amounts of data. From that data, it detects patterns from which it can make recommendations.