BLUF

The formalised, renewed security pact signals closer consultation and shared intent—more a statement of trust and regional stability than a binding promise of joint action. Closely mirrors the abandoned 1995 pact. Indonesia remains non-aligned

Learning Outcomes

  • Understanding strategic context: The article explains how long-standing relationships evolve amid regional uncertainty—highlighting symbolism, continuity, and limits of formal agreements.
  • Critical assessment of policy claims: Expert commentary encourages readers to weigh political language against likely practical outcomes.

References